special category

CJEU C-769/22 Commission v Hungary (Values of the EU) 5 Jun 2025 AG Opinion

members – 1 min read

AG Ćapeta: Hungary violated EU law by introducing national legislation restricting or prohibiting access to LGBTI content – and the Court should also find a stand-alone breach of Article 2 TEU, which sets out the EU’s fundamental values. A case relevant for policymakers and Member States.

Jun 8, 2025

CJEU C‑829/24 Commission v Hungary 12 Feb 2025 Order

members – 1 min read

The CJEU fast-tracks a case against Hungary where the European Commission claims violations of multiple EU laws, including the GDPR Articles 5, 6, 9 and 10.

Mar 13, 2025

CJEU C-21/23 Lindenapotheke 4 Oct 2024

members – 5 min read

NB! Updated re: explicit consent. Competitors can take legal action against your GDPR violations if considered an illegal unfair commercial practice. Special category personal data threshold is lowered: ordering pharmacy-only medicinal products online is considered sharing health data.

Jan 12, 2025

CJEU C-446/21 Schrems (Communication of data to the general public) 4 Oct 2024

members – 5 min read

A ruling that sparks questions around 'strictly necessary' and 'purpose'. Facebook can't indiscriminately use personal data on or off their platform for personalised ads, without restricting the duration and type of data.

Dec 8, 2024

CJEU C-252/21 Meta Platforms and Others (General terms of use of a social network) 'Bundeskartellamt' 4 Jul 2023

members – 6 min read

The 'Bundeskartellamt' ruling, where the CJEU applies 'strictly' to the legal bases necessity test for the first time. 🔥 You might rely on legitimate interest for direct marketing, network security or product improvement, but the processing must now meet this higher threshold.

Nov 13, 2024

CJEU C-115/22 NADA and Others 7 May 2024

members – 3 min read

Controversial AG Opinion concluding that sports are outside GDPR's scope, with odd logic on Art. 9, stays unclear as the CJEU finds the referring body lacks the needed independence to be a 'court or tribunal', making their preliminary ruling request inadmissible.

May 10, 2024

CJEU C-101/01 Bodil Lindqvist 6 Nov 2003

members – 4 min read

A key (Directive 95/46/EC) ruling broadly interpreting key definitions (personal and health data, processing) and narrowly applied exceptions, but found that simply putting a website online doesn't necessarily result in transfers.

Apr 9, 2024

Sweden MedHelp 1177 case

members – 8 min read

This case is not only a goldmine for DPOs in the Swedish healthcare sector (although particularly so), but DPOs in general, for assessing roles, legal bases and processor liability.

Feb 22, 2024