CJEU C-70/10 Scarlet Extended (static IP addresses) 24 Nov 2011
In a case on copyright infringement, the CJEU stated that IP addresses are protected personal data because they allow data subjects to be precisely identified.
Feb 8, 2024
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Art. 57(4) 'requests' include 'complaints' in 57(1)(f) and 77(1) and aren't 'excessive' due to volume alone; DPAs must show abuse, and can then charge a reasonable fee or refuse to act after considering all circumstances and ensuring their choice is justified.
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Processing customers' titles to personalise communication based on gender isn’t essential for performing a contract; nor is it for a legitimate interest if they weren't informed beforehand, the processing isn't strictly necessary, or the balancing test goes in their favor.
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NB! Updated re: explicit consent. Competitors can take legal action against your GDPR violations if considered an illegal unfair commercial practice. Special category personal data threshold is lowered: ordering pharmacy-only medicinal products online is considered sharing health data.